1. jQuery Mobile
A unified user interface system across all popular mobile device platforms, built on the rock-solid jQuery and jQuery UI foundation. Its lightweight code is built with progressive enhancement, and has a flexible, easily themeable design
Homepage: http://jquerymobile.com/
2. Touchquode
Touchqode brings software development tools to your smartphone. Now you can scan through, edit and fix your source code anywhere and anytime.
Features highlight:
- syntax highlighting
- code suggestions
- integrated FTP client
- incremental search
- file synchronization
- java and others
- running simple scripts
- developer’s keyboard
Homepage: http://touchqode.com/
3. Mobl
Build your mobile web applications faster than ever before — deploy on iOS, Android and other phones supporting HTML5 technologies!
mobl is a new free and open source language designed specially to speed up building mobile applications. Using modern HTML5 technologies, mobl offers you
a concise language to build native-feeling web apps in a jiff;
great (Eclipse) IDE support (such as as-you-type error reporting, code completion and reference resolving);
a rapid save and test cycle. No more lengthy compilations, the mobl IDE compiles your modules whenever you save, ready to be tested in the mobile browser.
Homepage: http://mobl-lang.org
4. The-M-Project
Features:
MVC
HTML5
JavaScript-all development cycle
Offline support (automatic cache manifest generation)
Rich User Interfaces
DataProvider for local and remote storage persistence
Internationalization (i18n)
Open Source (MIT License)
NodeJS based build tools (called Espresso)
Homepage: http://the-m-project.net/
5. ChocolateChip-UI
ChocolateChip-UI provides fully functional widgets and controls right out of the box. In most cases these require minimal to no input from you to implement their functionality. This leaves you more time to find the best way to provide the data that your app will consume. Because one of our goals is to keep things as small as possible, ChocolateChip-UI uses no images to create its widgets and controls, everything is created from WAML and CSS. Where icons are used for buttons, ChocolateChip-UI uses vector-based SVG images. This means that your Web app will always be resolution independent, always crisp and clean. Enjoy the new, ChUI ChocolateChip.
Homepage: http://chocolatechip-ui.com/
6. LimeJS
LimeJS is a HTML5 game framework for building fast, native-experience games for all modern touchscreens and
desktop browsers.
Homepage: http://limejs.com
7. Jdrop
Jdrop provides a place to store JSON data in the cloud. The initial application is for storing performance data gathered from mobile devices. It’s hard to analyze large amounts of information (HTTP waterfall charts, HTTP headers, document source, etc.) on a mobile device. Jdrop lets you gather this data on the mobile device but analyze it remotely on a larger screen.
Homepage: http://jdrop.org
8. ZeptoJS
Zepto.js is a minimalist JavaScript framework for mobile WebKit browsers, with a jQuery-compatible syntax.
The goal: a ~5k micro-library that handles most basic drudge work with a nice API so you can concentrate on getting stuff done.
Homepage: http://zeptojs.com
9. Sencha Touch
Sencha Touch allows you to develop mobile web apps that look and feel native on iPhone, Android, and BlackBerry touch devices.
Sencha Touch is a cross-platform framework aimed at next generation, touch enabled, devices. It’s currently compatible with Apple iOS 3+, Android 2.1+, and BlackBerry 6+ devices. Together these devices represent over 95% of current US mobile traffic
Homepage: http://www.sencha.com/products/touch/
10. PhoneGap
PhoneGap is an HTML5 app platform that allows you to author native applications with web technologies and get access to APIs and app stores. PhoneGap leverages web technologies developers already know best… HTML and JavaScript.
Homepage: http://www.phonegap.com/
11. jQTouch
A jQuery plugin for mobile web development on the iPhone, Android, iPod Touch, and other forward-thinking devices.
Features (Now Beta 3!):
Easy Setup · Native WebKit Animations · Image Preloading
Callback Events · Flexible Themes · MIT Licensed
Swipe Detection · Extensions
Homepage: http://jqtouch.com/
12. Jo
The simple app framework for HTML5
For iOS, Android, webOS, BlackBerry, Chrome OS & anything else with HTML5
Widgets, lists and scrolling goodness using JavaScript & CSS3
Make native mobile apps or web apps with the same code
Works great with PhoneGap
Homepage: http://joapp.com/
13. XuiJS
xui was born in 2008 while the popular phonegap framework was being developed. it was created out of necessity for a solid dom framework that understood the latency and initialization characteristics of the mobile web. today most frameworks are still catching up to the mobile revolution, tacking on compatibility as an afterthought and, often, only for ios.
xui is the smallest framework that works across all of the devices in the mobile landscape. it does not try and dictate a page structure or widget paradigm. instead, it uses the dom and since most mobile applications consist of lists and buttons, we feel, html and css do a fine job of rendering.
Homepage: http://xuijs.com


maybe my comparison chart helps finding the right framework: Mobile Frameworks Comparison